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Simple diagram of a drilling rig and its basic operationtypically includes at least some of the following items: See Drilling rig (petroleum) for a more detailed description.
Blowout preventers: (BOPs)
The equipment associated with a rig is to some extent dependent on the type of rig but (#23 & #24) are devices installed at the wellhead to prevent fluids and gases from unintentionally escaping from the borehole. #23 is the Annular (often referred to as the Hydril, which is one manufacturer) and #24 is the Pipe rams and Blind rams.
Decanter Centrifuge: an industrial version of the device that separates fine silt and sand from the drilling fluid.
Chain tongs: wrench with a section of chain, that wraps around whatever is being tightened or loosened. Similar to a pipe wrench.
Vacuum Degasser: a device that separates air and/or gas from the drilling fluid.
Desander / desilter: contains a set of Hydrocyclones that separate sand and silt from the drilling fluid.
Drawworks: (#7) is the mechanical section that contains the spool, whose main function is to reel in/out the drill line to raise/lower the traveling block (#11).
Drill Bit: (#26) device attached to the end of the drill string that breaks apart the rock being drilled. It contains jets through which the drilling fluid exits. Continue reading